王付东 孙怡龙
By Wang Fudong and Sun Yilong
4月24日起，韩国总统尹锡悦率大规模政商代表团对美国进行长达7天的国事访问。今年正值美韩同盟关系建立70周年之际，双方决定以首脑峰会为契机，进一步打造“全球战略同盟”关系。双方签署了延伸威慑机制、核心技术、网络安全、航空航天等六个领域的独立合作文件，并签署50多份合作谅解备忘录。美韩峰会释放出诸多加大阵营对立的信号，朝鲜半岛和东北亚地区形势面临新挑战。
ROK President Yoon Suk-yeol and his large political and business delegations began a seven-day state visit to the US on April 24. On the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the US-ROK alliance, the two sides decided to take the leaders' summit meeting as an opportunity to further build "global comprehensive strategic alliance" relations. They had endorsed independent cooperation documents for six fields including extended deterrence mechanism, core technologies, cyber security and aerospace, along with more than 50 cooperative memorandums of understanding (MoU). The US-ROK summit released a number of signals that reflect their bloc confrontation acceleration moves, which will bring about new challenges to the situation of Korean Peninsula and Northeast Asia.
升级对朝延伸威慑机制是本次峰会的重要议题。美韩推出了《华盛顿宣言》，决定组建全新的“美韩核磋商小组”，共享应对朝鲜威胁的核与战略武器的运作计划信息，定期召开会议就核和战略规划问题进行磋商，进行核危机处置桌面推演等。
Escalation of extended deterrence mechanism is a key topic of this summit. The US and ROK jointly announced the Washington Declaration and decided to establish a new "Nuclear Consultative Group" to share nuclear and strategic weapon operation plans against threats of Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), negotiate nuclear and strategic planning through regular meetings, and carry out desktop dry run for nuclear crisis management and other activities.
近期，美韩频繁进行联合军演和加大对朝施压，此次又升级延伸威慑，将进一步加大朝鲜的不安全感，加剧朝核危机。28日，朝鲜劳动党中央委员会副部长金与正狠批《华盛顿宣言》，宣布朝将升级核战争遏制力。美国借朝核危机刺激东北亚紧张局势、加大半岛军事部署和捆绑韩国的意图明显。
The US and ROK had held frequent joint military exercises and stepped-up pressure on the DPRK recently. This escalation of extended deterrence will further deteriorate the security situation of the latter and intensify the nuclear crisis in this country. Kim Yo Jong, vice department director of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea, excoriated the Washington Declaration and proclaimed that the DPRK will escalate nuclear warfare deterrence on April 28. It has been made distinct that the US intends to take advantage of DPRK nuclear crisis to inflame tensions in Northeast Asia, strengthen military deployment in this peninsula and tie up the ROK.
值得注意的是，《美韩首脑联合声明》强调反对“经济胁迫”以及对外国企业“使用不透明工具”，将与其他国家协调行动，构建稳定、有弹性的供应链，并深化两国海外投资审查和出口管制合作，推动“印太经济框架（IPEF）”进展，这明显是呼应美国企图对华“脱钩”的政策取向。
It's worth noting that the US-ROK Leaders’ Joint Statement stresses opposing "economic coercion" and use of "opaque tools" toward foreign enterprises. The two sides will also build stable and elastic supply chains in coordination with other countries, deepen cooperation in overseas investment audit and export control, and promote progress of the so-called Indo-pacific Economic Framework (IPEF), which clearly echo the US policy orientation of "decoupling" from China.
强化美日韩三边和“印太战略”合作，渲染阵营对立。此次《美韩联合声明》首次将“印太战略”独立成章，标志着针对中国成为美韩两国合作的重要内容。两国宣布延续日韩关系改善势头和强化美日韩三边合作。
The trilateral cooperation among the US, Japan and ROK as well as cooperation around "Indo-Pacific Strategy" is emphasized, clamoring bloc confrontation. This joint statement first makes "Indo-Pacific Strategy" an independent chapter, signifying that "targeting China" has become a key part of US-ROK bilateral cooperation. The two countries announced to continue the momentum of improving Japan-ROK relations and strengthen trilateral cooperation among the US, Japan and ROK.
韩国几乎照搬了美国编造和渲染的“民主对抗威权”虚假叙事。韩国还跟随美国在台海、南海等问题上干涉中国内政，引发中国外交部的严正交涉。
The ROK almost copied the false narrative of "democracy versus authoritarianism" fabricated and bloated by the US. It also follows the latter to intervene in China's internal affairs as to Taiwan Strait and South China Sea issues and other aspects, which had triggered solemn representations from the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
通过上述主要内容可以看出，美韩峰会明显体现出拉帮结派、操弄阵营对立的色彩，与中国主张合作共赢、兼容并包的人类命运共同体理念相比，高下立判。前者旨在进一步加剧地区紧张和对立，朝核问题、中韩关系、俄韩关系都将因此受到很大影响。韩国国内许多人担忧，韩国在外交上如此冒进，会招致本国外交陷入孤立局面，而且韩国是后冷战时代的受益者，一旦开启新冷战，韩国经济和地缘利益都将受损很大。
It can be seen from the above that the US-ROK summit evidently manifests the traits of ganging up allies and manipulating bloc confrontation. In comparison with the vision of a community with a shared future for mankind characterized by win-win cooperation and inclusiveness that is advocated by China, it is easy to tell which is superior. The former aims to further aggravate regional tension and confrontation, which will heavily impact nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula, China-ROK relations and Russia-ROK relations. Many people in the ROK were concerned that such aggressive diplomatic actions will leave their country diplomatically isolated, even more, as a beneficiary of post-cold war era, the country would suffer from huge economic and geographical interest losses once a new cold war mentality is activated.
近期，尹锡悦政府因外交失衡和内政不善等原因，支持率甚至跌至30％以下。尹锡悦政府期待通过本次高调的峰会来实现民意反转和稳固执政基础。然而，韩国首脑此访虽然阵仗很大，却主要是配合了美国的“印太战略”，其自身的实质收益不多，可谓虚多实少、利少患多。
Recently, the favor of Yoon Suk-yeol administration had even declined below 30% owing to diplomatic imbalance, mismanagement of domestic affairs and other reasons. Therefore, the government expects to achieve a reversal of public opinion and consolidate the foundation of governance through this high-profile summit. However, though the lineup was grand, the ROK leader's visit mostly acted in rhythm with the US “Indo-Pacific Strategy” without substantive gains for itself. It can be said that there is a prevalence of superficiality over substance and risks over benefits.
（作者单位：山东社科院国际经济与政治研究所）
(The author is from Institute of International Economics and Politics, Shandong Academy of Social Sciences.)
Editor's Note: Originally published on china.com.cn, this article is translated from Chinese into English and edited by the China Military Online. The information and opinions in this article do not necessarily reflect the views of eng.chinamil.com.cn.
