By Yun Ge and Dian Cang
云歌、点苍
ROK President Yoon Suk-yeol, US President Joe Biden, and Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida at Camp David (Source: Beijing Daily)
韩国总统尹锡悦、美国总统拜登与日本首相岸田文雄在戴维营。图源：北京日报
The leaders of Japan, the ROK, and the United States met at Camp David, Maryland recently. Camp David, where Roosevelt met with Churchill during WWII and where Egypt and Israel reached a settlement agreement in 1978, is known for hosting "significant" diplomatic events.
最近，美日韩三国领导人在美国马里兰州戴维营碰面。二战期间，罗斯福在此接待过丘吉尔，1978年埃及和以色列在此达成和解协议。在戴维营举行的外事活动，通常都被美方冠以“重大”之名。
No sooner did the Camp David meeting wrap up than the three governments announced the "rich outcomes" of the meeting that would allegedly set the tone for the century.
这次美日韩的戴维营峰会刚落幕，三国政府就迫不及待宣布“会谈成果丰硕”，将“为世纪定调”。
The trilateral summit lasted three hours and adopted several documents, including:
三方领导人在戴维营谈了3小时，通过了几个文件。包括几方面：
First, the three countries agree to have at least one leaders' summit every year, in addition to meetings of foreign ministers, defense ministers, finance ministers, and national security advisors.
一是三国约定每年将至少举行一次领导人会晤，还要举行外长、防长、财长和国家安全顾问会议；
Second, they plan to hold annual, multi-domain military exercises and realize real-time sharing of missile early warning data by the end of 2023.
二是三国计划定期举行年度、多领域军事演习，到2023年底实现实时共享导弹预警数据；
Third, they agree to expand cooperation, particularly in economic and technological sectors. A supply chain early warning system will be tried out in such areas as semiconductors, new energy battery, key minerals, and AI.
三是扩展合作。尤其是经济技术层面，三国将在半导体、新能源电池、关键矿产、人工智能等领域优先试点供应链预警系统。
According to some foreign media outlets, the Camp David summit indicated the US, Japan and ROK's intention for closer cooperation in a wider scope and at a greater depth in addition to the current focus on defense collaboration. Although the US side deliberately emphasized that the collaboration is not aimed against China, the documents adopted at the summit highlighted fallacies about the "Taiwan Strait" and the so-called "dangerous and aggressive behavior supporting unlawful maritime claims…by the PRC".
有外媒称，此次戴维营峰会表明，美日韩不仅聚焦防务领域合作，还有更加广泛、紧密的深度合作。尽管美方刻意强调峰会“意不在反华”，但峰会文件明明白白写着“台海”，还妄言“中国近期在南海采取危险、强势行为以支持其非法海洋主张”。
Sun Chenghao, an assistant researcher at the Center for International Security and Strategy, Tsinghua University, said the US, by forming a clique in the Asia Pacific, intends to focus its energy on mobilizing the strengths of its allies and partners in the competition against China. At Camp David, Washington expressed its commitment to strengthening the alliance with Japan and ROK – its consistent allies – through the linkage of interests. At the same time, it takes steps to bring India, Australia and New Zealand to its side in an attempt to introduce NATO and other extraterritorial forces to the Asian Pacific region.
清华大学战略与安全研究中心助理研究员孙成昊认为，美国将小圈子划在亚太，是想集中精力调动盟伴力量参与对华竞争。对老盟友，美方借戴维营峰会表明，美日韩三边关系亲密无间，三国将继续搞利益捆绑。同时，美方还紧拉印度，将澳大利亚、新西兰拽向自己，企图将北约等域外力量引至亚太。
According to Li Jiacheng, associate professor at the School of International Economics and International Relations, Liaoning University, the three countries' vow to realize real-time sharing of missile early warning data by the end of this year is a prelude to trilateral intelligence collaboration – the "Three Eyes". ROK and Japan's closer military affiliation with the US will bring new threats to the Korean Peninsula.
辽宁大学国际经济政治学院副教授李家成认为，三国称要在今年底实现实时共享导弹预警，这标志着美日韩情报合作的“三眼联盟”呼之欲出。韩日将在军事领域进一步绑定美国战车，对朝鲜半岛局势带来新的威胁。
Despite the summit's high profile, each of the three countries has its own ax to grind behind the seeming cohesion due to their varied core interests in the Asia Pacific. ROK is concerned about issues on the Korean Peninsula, Japan about the Diaoyu Islands and the East China Sea, and America the strategic competition with China. Tokyo and Seoul may follow Washington's lead in certain areas of the supply chain and semiconductor policy, but they are unwilling to sever their economic ties with China. The different demands and pursuits make the trilateral cooperation less iron-clad than it appears.
尽管峰会调门挺高，但美日韩貌似亲密的背后也各怀心思。三国在亚太地区利益重心不同，韩国关心半岛问题，日本关心钓鱼岛及东海问题，美国关心对华战略竞争。日韩在供应链部分领域、半导体政策方面可能追随美国，但两国也不愿割舍对华经济合作利益。三国利益诉求不同，势必存在多重掣肘。
While the Yoon Suk-yeol administration has been working hard for reconciliation with Japan, the historical problems between the two countries, such as the comfort women issue and forced labor in WWII, as well as modern disputes like over the Liancourt Islands are time bombs hanging over bilateral relations. Li Jiacheng held that an Asian-Pacific version of NATO won't take form any time soon because the ROK people won't accept Japanese troops setting foot on the Korean Peninsula. Having ROK help defend Japan when the latter is under foreign attack is even more unimaginable.
尽管尹锡悦政府持续推动韩日和解，但两国之间的慰安妇、二战强征劳工等历史问题、独岛（竹岛）争端等现实问题并未解决，韩日矛盾随时可能再爆发。李家成认为，“亚太版北约”短期内难以成型，韩国民众不可能接受日本军队踏上朝鲜半岛，更难想象在日本遭受外来攻击时让韩方协防日本。
Observers in Japan commented that while the Kishida administration has taken an upper hand because of Seoul's "humiliating diplomacy", a real reconciliation between the Japanese and ROK people is not anywhere in sight. The three leaders all vow to institutionalize their cooperation, but next year will see America's presidential election and the election of ROK's National Assembly. A change on top of any side will mean a possible change of policy, and whether the "outcomes" of the Camp David summit will endure is really hard to say.
驻日观察人士认为，岸田政府虽因韩国“屈辱外交”姿态占得先机，日韩真正的民间和解却遥遥无期。三国强调要将合作机制化，但明年美国总统大选、韩国国会选举，任何一方换人，政策都存在调整可能，戴维营峰会“成果”能否延续，还得两说。
Editor's note: Originally published on haiwainet.cn, this article is translated from Chinese into English and edited by the China Military Online. The information and opinions in this article do not necessarily reflect the views of eng.chinamil.com.cn.
